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English - Chapter 26 - Ash-Shuara

Translation by Hamid S Aziz — Permalink

Verse 1 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:1

Verse 2 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:2

These are the verses of the Book that clarifies (illuminates)

Verse 3 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:3

It may be that you are tormenting your soul that they will not be believers

Verse 4 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:4

If We will, We can send down upon them from heaven a sign which would bend their necks in humility

Verse 5 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:5

But there comes not to them a fresh Reminder from the Beneficent that they did not turn away from

Verse 6 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:6

They have indeed rejected the message, but soon enough will come to them the truth of that at which they mocked

Verse 7 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:7

Have they not looked to the earth, how We caused to grow therein of every noble kind

Verse 8 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:8

Verily, in that is indeed a sign; but most of them are not believers

Verse 9 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:9

Lo! Your Lord, He is indeed the Mighty, the Merciful

Verse 10 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:10

And when your Lord called Moses, saying, "Go to the iniquitous people

Verse 11 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:11

To the people of Pharaoh. Will they not fear (Allah or doing evil)

Verse 12 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:12

Said he, "My Lord! Verily, I fear that they will call me liar

Verse 13 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:13

And my breast will be straitened, and my tongue is not fluent; so send then unto Aaron (or send them Aaron)

Verse 14 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:14

For they have a crime against me. And I fear that they may kill me

Verse 15 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:15

Said He, "Not so; but go, both, with Our signs; verily, We are with you listening

Verse 16 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:16

And go to Pharaoh and say, ´Verily, we bear a message from the Lord of the Worlds

Verse 17 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:17

(saying) Send you with us the children of Israel.´

Verse 18 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:18

And he said, "Did we not cherish you as a child amongst us? And did you not dwell amongst us for many years of your life

Verse 19 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:19

And you did do a deed which you know you did do (he slew an Egyptian), and you are of the ungrateful

Verse 20 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:20

Moses said, "I did commit this, and I was of those who erred

Verse 21 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:21

And I fled from you when I feared you. But my Lord granted me better judgment, and made me one of His messengers

Verse 22 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:22

And this is the favour you have reproached me with, that you have enslaved the children of Israel

Verse 23 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:23

Said Pharaoh, "Who is the Lord of the Worlds

Verse 24 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:24

Said he, "The Lord of the heavens and the earth and what is between the two, if you want certainty

Verse 25 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:25

Said he (Pharaoh) to those about him, "Do you not hear

Verse 26 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:26

Moses said, "(He is) your Lord and the Lord of your fathers from the beginning

Verse 27 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:27

Said he (Pharaoh), "Verily, the messenger who is sent to you is surely mad

Verse 28 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:28

Moses said, "(He is) The Lord of the East and of the West, and of all that is between the two, if you did but understand

Verse 29 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:29

Said he (Pharaoh), "If you do take a god besides me I will surely place you among the prisoners

Verse 30 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:30

Moses said, "What, if I come to you with something obvious (to the senses)

Verse 31 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:31

Said he, "Bring it, if you are of those who tell the truth

Verse 32 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:32

And he threw down his rod, and, behold, it was an obvious serpent

Verse 33 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:33

And he plucked out his hand, and, behold, it was white to the spectators

Verse 34 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:34

He (Pharaoh) said to the chiefs around him, "Verily, this is a knowing (expert) magician (sorcerer, wizard)

Verse 35 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:35

He desires to turn you out of your land. What is it then you counsel (advise, suggest)

Verse 36 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:36

They said, "Put him off a while, him and his brother, and send into the cities

Verse 37 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:37

To collect and bring to you every knowing (expert) magician

Verse 38 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:38

And the magicians assembled at the appointed time on a well-known day (a festival day)

Verse 39 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:39

And it was said to the people, "Are you assembling

Verse 40 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:40

(They said), "Aye, so that we may follow the magicians if they win

Verse 41 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:41

And when the sorcerers came they said unto Pharaoh, "Will we have a sure reward if we win

Verse 42 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:42

He said, "Yes; and, verily, you shall then be of those who are brought nigh to me (or to my throne in affection and rank)

Verse 43 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:43

And Moses said to them, "Throw down what you have to throw

Verse 44 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:44

So they threw down their ropes and their rods and said, "By Pharaoh´s might, verily, it is we who shall be the winners

Verse 45 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:45

And Moses threw down his rod, and, lo, it swallowed up what they had falsely devised

Verse 46 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:46

And the magicians threw themselves down, in obeisance

Verse 47 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:47

Saying, "We believe in the Lord of the Worlds

Verse 48 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:48

The Lord of Moses and Aaron

Verse 49 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:49

Said Pharaoh, "Do you believe in Him ere I give you permission? Surely, he is your leader (in a conspiracy) who has taught you sorcery. But soon you shall know. I will surely cut off your hands and your feet from opposite sides, and I will crucify yo

Verse 50 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:50

They said, "No matter! Verily, unto our Lord do we (or "will we" or "in any case") return

Verse 51 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:51

Verily, we ardently hope that our Lord will forgive us our sins, for we are the foremost of believers

Verse 52 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:52

And We inspired Moses, saying, "Journey by night with my servants; verily, you are pursued

Verse 53 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:53

And Pharaoh sent into the cities summoners

Verse 54 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:54

(Who said) "Verily, these are a small company

Verse 55 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:55

And, verily, they are offenders against us

Verse 56 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:56

But we are a multitude and wary

Verse 57 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:57

So we (or We) expelled them out of gardens and springs

Verse 58 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:58

And treasures, and noble positions

Verse 59 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:59

Thus it was, but We made the children of Israel inheritors of these things

Verse 60 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:60

And they pursued them at dawn

Verse 61 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:61

And when the two hosts saw each other, the companions of Moses said, "Verily, we are overtaken

Verse 62 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:62

Said he, "Not so; verily, my Lord is with me. He will guide me

Verse 63 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:63

And We inspired Moses, saying, "Strike the sea with your rod." And it was cleft asunder, and each part was like a mighty mountain

Verse 64 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:64

And then We brought the others thither

Verse 65 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:65

And We saved Moses and those with him, every one

Verse 66 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:66

We drowned the others

Verse 67 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:67

Lo! Herein is indeed a sign: but most of them are not believers

Verse 68 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:68

And, verily, your Lord, He is indeed the Mighty, the Merciful

Verse 69 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:69

And recite unto them the story of Abraham

Verse 70 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:70

When he said to his father and his people, "What do you worship

Verse 71 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:71

They said, "We worship idols, and we are devoted to them

Verse 72 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:72

He said, "Can they hear you when you call

Verse 73 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:73

Or benefit you, or harm you

Verse 74 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:74

They said, "No; but we found our fathers doing thus

Verse 75 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:75

He said, "Have you considered that which you worship (or serve)

Verse 76 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:76

You and your forefathers

Verse 77 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:77

Verily, they are foes unto me, save only the Lord of the Worlds

Verse 78 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:78

Who created me and does guide me

Verse 79 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:79

And who feeds me food and waters me

Verse 80 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:80

And when I am sick He heals me

Verse 81 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:81

He who causes me to die, and then gives me life again

Verse 82 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:82

And who, I ardently hope, will forgive me my sins on the Day of Judgment

Verse 83 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:83

My Lord, grant me wisdom (or judgment), and let me join the righteous

Verse 84 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:84

And give me a good report amongst the later generations

Verse 85 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:85

And place me among the heirs of the Garden of Delight

Verse 86 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:86

And forgive my father. Verily, he is of those who err

Verse 87 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:87

And disgrace me not on the Day when they are raised

Verse 88 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:88

The Day when wealth shall profit not, nor sons

Verse 89 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:89

But only he who comes to Allah with a whole (sound) heart

Verse 90 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:90

And the Garden will be brought near to the righteous

Verse 91 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:91

And Hell shall be brought forth plainly to those who go astray

Verse 92 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:92

And it will be said unto them, ´Where is all that you used to worship

Verse 93 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:93

Beside Allah? Can they help you, or help themselves?´

Verse 94 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:94

Then they shall be hurled therein, they and the seducers

Verse 95 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:95

And the hosts of Iblis all together

Verse 96 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:96

They shall say, while they quarrel therein

Verse 97 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:97

´By Allah! In truth, we were in manifest error

Verse 98 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:98

´When we made you equal to the Lord of the Worlds

Verse 99 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:99

´It was only the guilty who led us astray

Verse 100 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:100

´But now we have no intercessors

Verse 101 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:101

´And no loving friend

Verse 102 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:102

´Oh, that we had another turn on earth, that we might be of the believers.´

Verse 103 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:103

Verily, in this is indeed a sign, yet most of them are not believers

Verse 104 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:104

And, verily, your Lord, He is indeed the Mighty, the Merciful

Verse 105 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:105

The people of Noah denied the messengers

Verse 106 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:106

When their brother Noah said to them, "Will you not fear (Allah and avoid evil)

Verse 107 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:107

Verily, I am a faithful messenger to you

Verse 108 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:108

So keep your duty to Allah, and obey me

Verse 109 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:109

I ask you for it no wages; my wage is only the concern of the Lord of the Worlds

Verse 110 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:110

So fear Allah and obey me

Verse 111 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:111

They said, "Shall we believe in you, when the meanest follow you

Verse 112 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:112

He said, "What knowledge have I of what they were doing

Verse 113 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:113

Their account is only with my Lord, if you but understood

Verse 114 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:114

And I am not here to drive away the believers

Verse 115 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:115

I am only a plain Warner

Verse 116 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:116

They said, "Verily, if you desist not, O Noah! you shall surely be of those who are stoned

Verse 117 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:117

Said he, "My Lord! Verily, my own people reject me

Verse 118 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:118

Judge you between us openly, and deliver me and those of the believers who are with me

Verse 119 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:119

So We saved him and those with him in the laden ark

Verse 120 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:120

Then We drowned the rest

Verse 121 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:121

Verily, in this indeed is a sign, yet most of them are not believers

Verse 122 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:122

And, verily, your Lord, He is indeed the Mighty, the Merciful

Verse 123 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:123

And (the people of) A´ad denied the messengers

Verse 124 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:124

When their brother Hud said to them, "Will you not fear

Verse 125 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:125

Verily, I am to you a faithful messenger

Verse 126 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:126

So keep your duty to Allah and obey me

Verse 127 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:127

I ask of you no fee for it; my wage is only the concern of the Lord of the Worlds

Verse 128 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:128

Do you build on every height a monument of vain delight

Verse 129 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:129

And build you fine strong buildings that per chance (or possibly) you may be immortal

Verse 130 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:130

And when you seize by force, assault you like tyrants

Verse 131 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:131

Rather fear Allah and obey me

Verse 132 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:132

And keep your duty to Him who has bestowed on you freely all that you know

Verse 133 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:133

And has aided you with cattle and sons

Verse 134 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:134

And gardens and springs

Verse 135 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:135

Verily, I fear for you the retribution of an awful day

Verse 136 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:136

They said, "It is the same to us if you admonish or are not of those who admonish

Verse 137 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:137

This is nothing but the fable of men of old

Verse 138 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:138

For we are not the ones to be doomed (or tormented)

Verse 139 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:139

And they denied him; therefore, We destroyed them. Verily, in this is a sign, but most of them are not believers

Verse 140 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:140

And, verily, your Lord, He is indeed the Mighty, the Merciful

Verse 141 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:141

(The tribe of) Thamud denied the messengers

Verse 142 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:142

When their brother Salih said to them, "Will you not fear

Verse 143 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:143

Verily, I am to you a faithful messenger

Verse 144 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:144

So keep your duty to Allah and obey me

Verse 145 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:145

I ask not of you any wages; my wage is the concern only of the Lord of the Worlds

Verse 146 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:146

Shall you be left here secure in that which is before us

Verse 147 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:147

In gardens and springs

Verse 148 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:148

And tilled fields and heavily sheathed palms

Verse 149 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:149

Though you hew out dwellings in the mountain skillfully

Verse 150 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:150

But keep your duty to Allah and obey me

Verse 151 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:151

And obey not the bidding of the extravagant (profligate, wasters)

Verse 152 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:152

Who spread corruption in the earth and mend not their ways

Verse 153 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:153

They said, "You art only of the bewitched

Verse 154 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:154

You art but mortal like us; so bring us a sign, if you are truthful

Verse 155 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:155

He said, "Behold this she-camel (a test of faith). She has the right to drink, and you have a right to drink, each on an appointed day

Verse 156 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:156

Touch her not with evil, lest there seize you the retribution of an awful day

Verse 157 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:157

But they hamstrung her, and on the morrow they repented

Verse 158 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:158

So the retribution seized them; verily, in this is a sign; but most of them are not believers

Verse 159 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:159

And verily, your Lord, He is indeed the Mighty, the Merciful

Verse 160 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:160

The people of Lot denied the messengers

Verse 161 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:161

When their brother Lot said to them, "Will you not fear (Allah or evil)

Verse 162 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:162

Verily, I am to you a faithful messenger

Verse 163 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:163

So keep your duty to Allah and obey me

Verse 164 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:164

I ask you not for it any wages; my wage is only the concern of the Lord of the Worlds

Verse 165 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:165

Do you approach the males of all creatures of the world

Verse 166 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:166

And leave the mates your Lord has created for you? Nay, but you are people who transgress

Verse 167 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:167

They said, "Surely, if you do not desist, O Lot! you shall be of those who are expelled

Verse 168 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:168

Said he, "I am, in truth, of those who hate your conduct

Verse 169 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:169

My Lord! Save me and my people from what they do

Verse 170 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:170

So We saved him and his people, every one

Verse 171 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:171

Except an old woman (Lot´s wife) amongst those who lingered behind

Verse 172 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:172

Then We destroyed the others

Verse 173 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:173

We rained down upon them a shower (of brimstone); and dreadful was the rain for those who had been warned

Verse 174 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:174

Verily, in this is a sign; yet most of them are not believers

Verse 175 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:175

And, verily, your Lord, He is indeed the Mighty, the Merciful

Verse 176 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:176

The Dwellers of the Grove (Midianites) denied the messengers

Verse 177 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:177

Shu´eyb said unto them, "Will you not fear

Verse 178 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:178

Verily, I am to you a faithful messenger

Verse 179 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:179

So do your duty to Allah and obey me

Verse 180 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:180

I ask not of you for it any wages; my wage is only the concern of the Lord of the Worlds

Verse 181 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:181

Give full measure, and be not of those who diminish (give less than due)

Verse 182 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:182

And weigh with a true balance

Verse 183 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:183

And wrong (or cheat) not mankind of their goods; and waste not the land, despoiling it

Verse 184 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:184

And keep your duty unto Him who created you and the generations of the past

Verse 185 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:185

Said they, "You art only of the bewitched

Verse 186 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:186

And you are only a mortal like ourselves; and, verily, we think that you are surely of the liars

Verse 187 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:187

So make portions of the heaven fall down upon us, if you are of the truthful

Verse 188 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:188

Said he, "My Lord knows best what you do

Verse 189 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:189

But they rejected him, so the torment of the day of gloom (Ashes from a volcanic eruption?) seized them. Lo! It was the retribution of an awful day

Verse 190 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:190

Verily, in this is a sign; but most of them are not believers

Verse 191 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:191

Verily, your Lord, He is indeed the Mighty, the Merciful

Verse 192 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:192

And, verily, it is a revelation from the Lord of the Worlds

Verse 193 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:193

Which the Faithful Spirit of Truth (Gabriel) has brought down

Verse 194 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:194

Upon your heart, that you may be one of the Warners

Verse 195 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:195

In plain Arabic language

Verse 196 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:196

And, verily, it is also in the scriptures of the past

Verse 197 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:197

Is it not a sign for them that the learned men of the children of Israel recognize it

Verse 198 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:198

Had We sent it down to any one of any other nation but the Arabs

Verse 199 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:199

And he had read it unto them, they would not have believed therein

Verse 200 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:200

Thus have We made for it a way into the heart of the guilty

Verse 201 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:201

But they will not believe therein until they see the painful doom

Verse 202 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:202

And it shall come to them suddenly when they perceive not

Verse 203 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:203

They will say, "Shall we be reprieved

Verse 204 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:204

What! Do they wish to hasten on Our penalty

Verse 205 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:205

What think you? If We let them enjoy life for years

Verse 206 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:206

And then there comes to them that which they are promised

Verse 207 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:207

That which they had to enjoy will avail them not

Verse 208 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:208

But We destroy not any population but it had its Warners

Verse 209 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:209

For reminder, for We are never unjust

Verse 210 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:210

No devils (or evil ones) brought down this revelation (the Quran)

Verse 211 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:211

It is not fit work for them; nor is it in their power to do so

Verse 212 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:212

Verily, they are banished from listening

Verse 213 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:213

Therefore, call not upon gods other than Allah, lest you be of the doomed

Verse 214 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:214

But warn your people who are near of kin

Verse 215 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:215

And lower your wing (in kindness and protection as the hen does over its chicks) to those of the believers who follow you

Verse 216 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:216

But if they rebel against you, say, "Verily, I am innocent of what you do

Verse 217 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:217

And put your trust (rely) upon the Mighty, the Merciful

Verse 218 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:218

Who sees you when you do stand up (to pray)

Verse 219 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:219

And your postures (or movements) among those who prostrate themselves (in obeisance)

Verse 220 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:220

Verily, He, only He, is the Hearer, the Knower

Verse 221 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:221

Shall I inform you upon whom the devils descend

Verse 222 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:222

They descend upon every wicked liar

Verse 223 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:223

And impart what they have heard; but most of them are liars

Verse 224 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:224

As for poets, those follow them who are astray

Verse 225 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:225

Have you not seen how they wander confused in every valley (or by way)

Verse 226 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:226

And that they say that which they do not do

Verse 227 — Surah Ash-Shuara 26:227

Save those who believe and do good works, and remember Allah much, and defend themselves after they are wronged. Those who do wrong will come to know with what a turn they shall be turned